Hydrocarbontinborates



United States Patent 0.

2,867,641 'HYDROCARBONTINBORATES Hugh E. Ramsden, Metuchen, N. J., assignor to Metal & Thermit Corporation, New York, N. 31., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Ap lication July 2,1954 Serial No. 441,165

19 Claims. (Cl. 260 -4291) The present invention relates to hydrocarbontin bo rates, particularly useful as stabilizing agents Zfor resins and the like, to stabilized compositions containing the same and to processes :for manufacturing the" same.

In accordance with the present invention, the hydrocajrbontin borates are reaction products of an hydrocarbontin oxide and boric acidor a partially rester'ified boric acid. They have the following formula:

of time .to'eifect complete reaction therebetween. More specifically, the" o-rganotin borates are prepared by .admixing'boric acid with an .organotinoxide, with 'or withoutan alcohol or phenol as a reactant, in :the presence of an inert organic solvent, agitating and heating the reaction mixture until substantially all of the oxide .has dissolved, maintaining the-reaction mixture atan elevated temperature until substantially all of the water formed during the reaction has been removed, stripping the solvent from the reaction product, and recovering asubstantially anhydrous organotinlborate.

This is a condensation reaction whereby an 'organotin borate and water of condensation are formed and .-is illustrated by thefollovvin'g equations:

clear liquids. Both types are, particularly usefulas .stabi -lizers for chlorinated materials, particularlywinylichlov ride polymers.

A feature of the invention resides 'in the :utilization of substantially anhydrous reactants as well as in the maintenance of substantially anhydrous conditions, except for water formed by condensation, during the reaction. The presence of water adversely afiects the yield of the final reaction product due to the reactivity of the organotin borate with water. However, minor quantities of water can be tolerated, as no other injurious effects of water have been observed.

Another feature'of this invention resides in the use of reflux temperatures in order to remove the water of condensation as soon as it is formed during the reaction. The completing of the reaction may be observed by the cessation of water removal.

Still another feature of this invention resides in the ice 1 utilization of an inert organic solvent as a reaction medium. Suitable solventsincludetoluene, benzene and xylene. The presence of a solvent facilitates the course of the reaction as well as the removal of the condensation water formed during said reaction. The solvent may be eliminated from the'or'gano'tin borate salt at the completion of the reaction by any suitable means, including vacuum distillation at elevated temperatures, and simple evaporation on a steam bath.

A further feature of this invention is theme of agitation during the reaction in order to obtain -a complete and homogeneous mixture 'of the "reactants. Efiicient agitation facilitates the dissolution of the'or'ganotin oxide and "consequently assists in the complete utilization of substantially all of the reactants, eliminating undesirable side reactions as well as the presence of 'unreacted'ingredients as contaminants in the final -reaction product.

The organotin borate salts of the'present invention can be obtained in almost theoretical -yi'elds of 95% or better. Consequently, the utilization of stoichiometric amounts of reactants is preferred, although. the use of an excess of either is not prohibited.

The following {example is further illustrative. of the present "invention, and it will be understood that the int venti'o'n 'is not li itedth eto:

Exe p 124.4 gms. (0.5 .mole,gdry weight) dibutyl tin oxide was .placedin a 3 -necked, 1:000 flask equipped with a stainless steel stirrer, a reflux condenser with a water trap, a .pot thermometer and a heating mantle and refiuxedwith toluene untildry. Then 20.5 .gms. (0.333

mole). of 'bo-ric acid was added to the slurry and heat and agitation were applied. After about .2 hours the reactionm'ixture was clearIbut very viscous.

v I After an additional 2 hours of heating .it became :thin.

It was poured 'into. evaporating dish and-heated on a steam bath to remove the toluene. The product .was a dry, white powder, dibutyl .tinTbo-rate, (C H Sn (-BQ containing 42.6% Sn ttheory, 43.5% Sn).

7 Example 11 v .An amount of'wetxdibutyltin :oxide. sufficient to yield 62.2 grams (0.25 mole) when dry was refluxed with toluene, water being :separated "from the condensate in a water trap. When the oxide was dry 30,9.grams (0.50

indle) 'of-horic acid and "130' 'grams ('1.'0 mole) o'f l2 ethyl hexanol were addedto the oxide toluene slurry. Heat and stirring were applied 1mm all of the oxide had dissolved. and .further until mo more water of- :condensation a'ppeared iinzthe water trap. Theitoluene solvent was then distilled off leaving a clear, colorless liquid contain- ;ing, by analysis, 214.3% Sn andr2-.62-.% 3. :(Theory for (C H Sn(GgH QBO tis 14.8% Sn and ZLZ B.)

These .organotin borate'salts function.asistabilizers for compositions containing chlorinated materials, par'ticular-.

ly chloride containing,compositions, .such as polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated parafiins, chlorinated rubber and polyvinylidene chloride. These compositions when containing .5 to 5% of these stabilizers and either with and without plasticizers, will provide plastic compositions of improved resistance to heat and light deterioration.

In order to test the behavior of the stabilizers of this invention in polyvinyl chloride plastics, the product of Example was used to make up a plastic composition containing:

100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 50 parts of di-2 ethyl hexyl phthalate .88% 4 Q)2 3( 3)2 The ingredients were mixed,'milled at 320 F. on a differential speed 2-roll mill for minutes after which the plastic composition was taken off the mill as a sheet about 40 mils thick. The sheet was cooled and subsequently cut into strips one inch wide by six inches long. These strips were laid fiat on four cold glass plates which were then placed in a circulating air oven maintained at 320 F. The aged samples were removed at intervals and visually compared with similarly prepared unstabilized strips. The strips incorporating the stabilizer remain clear many hours after the stabilized strips had completely blackened.

Other uses of these organotin borate salts are as stabilizers for other chlorinated materials, as rubber accelerators, rubber antioxidants, lube oil additives and polymerization accelerators. 7

While the invention has been described with reference to various examples and embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made and equivalents substituted therefor, without departing from the principles and true nature of the present invention. What is claimed by Letters Patent is:

1. As a composition of matter, an alkyltin borate having the general formula 2. A method of preparing an alkyltin borate of claim 1 which comprises heating an alkyltin oxide of formula R SnO with boric acid at reflux temperatures and recover- 9 ing said alkyltin borate wherein R is an alkyl radical.

3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent.

4. A method of preparing an alkyltin borate which comprises heating an alkyltin oxide of formula R SnO with boric acid partially esterified with an alkyl alcohol of formula R'OH at reflux temperatures and recovering said alkyltin borate wherein R and R are alkyl radicals.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent.

6. A method of preparing an alkyltin borate which comprises heating an alkyltin oxide of formula R SnO with boric acid and an alkyl alcohol of formula R'OH at reflux temperatures and recovering the alkyltin borate wherein R and R' are alkyl radicals;

7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent.

8. As a composition of matter, a dibutyltin borate of formula V 9. A method for the preparation of a dibutyltin borate of formula which comprises heating dibutyltin oxide and boric acid at reflux temperatures and recovering said dibutyltin borate.

10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the reaction is carried out in an inert organic solvent.

11. As a composition of matter a dibutyltin borate of '4 12. A method for the preparation of a dibutyltin borate of formula wherein R and R are univalent radicals selected from the class consisting of alkyl and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals, and n is a whole number, including zero, which is not greater than 2.

15. A method of preparing a hydrocarbontin borate of claim 14 which comprises heating a hydrocarbontin oxide with a compound selected from the class consisting of boric acid and a partial hydrocarbon boric acid ester above room temperature and for a suflicient period of time to etfect complete reaction, and recovering said hydrocarbontin borate, the hydrocarbon groups of said reactants being selected from the class consisting of alkyl and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals.

16. A method of preparing a hydrocarbontin borate of claim 14 which comprises heating an anhydrous hydrocarbontin oxide with a compound selected from the class consisting of boric acid and a partial hydrocarbon boric acid ester above room temperature and for a sutficient period of time to effect complete reaction, and recovering a substantially anhydrous hydrocarbontin borate salt, the hydrocarbon groups of said reactants being selected from the class consisting of alkyl and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals.

17. A method according to claim 16 wherein the reaction takes place in an inert organic solvent.

18. A method of preparing a hydrocarbontin borate salt of claim 14 which comprises heating an anhydrous hydrocarbontin oxide with a compound selected from the class consisting of boric acid and a partial hydrocarbon boric acid ester at reflux temperatures and under anhydrous conditions for a suflicient period of time to effect complete reaction, and recovering a substantially anhydrous borate salt, the hydrocarbon groups of said reactants being selected from the class consisting of alkyl and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals.

19. A method of preparing the compound set forth in claim 14 which comprises heating a compound having the formula R SnO with boric acid and an alcohol having the formula R'OH and recovering said organotin borates', wherein R and R' are hydrocarbon radicals selected from the class consisting of alkyl and, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,455,612 Schlattman Dec. 7, 1948 2,630,442 Church et al Mar. 3, 1953 2,636,891 Gregory Apr. 28, 1953 2,680,107 Leistner et al June 1, 1954 

14. AS A COMPOSITION OF MATTER A HYROCARBONTIN BORATE HAVING THE FORMULA
 15. A METHOD OF PREPARING A HYDROCARBONTIN BORATE OF CLAIM 14 WHICH COMPRISES HEATING A HYDROCARBONTIN OXIDE WITH A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF BORIC ACID AND A PARTIAL HYDROCARBON BORIC ACID ESTER ABOVE ROOM TEMPERATURE AND FOR A SUFFICIENT PERIOD OF TIME TO EFFECT COMPLETE REACTION, AND RECOVERING SAID HYDROCARBONTIN BORATE, THE HYDROCARBON GROUPS OF SAID REACTANTS BEING SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF ALKYL AND MONOCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON RADICALS. 